GLP-1 medications: What they are and what to expect

If you’ve been considering using a GLP-1, it’s important to do your research and talk to a physician. 

Originally developed to help manage type 2 diabetes, these drugs are now part of broader conversations about metabolic health and weight management. As interest grows, so do questions — and sometimes confusion — about what GLP-1s are, how they work and who is a good candidate for them.

Here’s a general overview to help you understand the basics and know what to discuss with your primary care clinician.

What are GLP-1 medications?

GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide-1, a hormone the body naturally produces. It plays a role in regulating blood sugar, appetite and digestion.

GLP-1s work by mimicking this hormone. In general terms, they help:

• Slow how quickly food leaves the stomach
• Increase feelings of fullness
• Support blood sugar regulation

These effects can help some people manage diabetes and, in certain cases, support weight loss when used as part of a comprehensive care plan.

“GLP-1 medications don’t work in isolation. They’re one tool among many, and how they fit into someone’s care depends on their overall health, goals and medical history,” says Dr. Kristy Thompson, executive medical director of primary care for Providence Medical Group Northwest.

Who are GLP-1s for?

GLP-s are not for everyone, and they are not a one-size-fits-all solution.

Eligibility depends on many factors, including:

• Medical history and medications
• Current health conditions
• Individual health goals

That’s why conversations about GLP-1s are best had with a primary care clinician who knows your full health picture.

Rather than asking whether a medication is “right” or “wrong,” clinicians often focus on whether it’s appropriate — and if so, how it fits into a larger plan that supports long-term health.

What benefits can people expect?

Benefits vary from person to person.

For some, GLP-1s may help improve blood sugar control. Others may notice changes in appetite or weight. Many clinicians also encourage patients to think beyond the scale when discussing outcomes.

That might include conversations about:

• Energy levels
• Blood pressure
• Cholesterol
• Daily habits and quality of life

Setting realistic expectations early helps ensure that any treatment plan aligns with your goals and avoids frustration down the road.

What about side effects?

GLP-1s can cause side effects, ranging from mild and common to those that may need medical attention. Some common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea or changes in digestion, particularly when starting or adjusting to GLP-1s. Your doctor will review what to expect, how to manage symptoms and when to call if something doesn’t feel right.

“Knowing what’s common versus what’s concerning is an important part of starting any medication,” says Dr. Thompson. “We want patients to feel informed and supported, not caught off guard.”

Why lifestyle still matters

What does follow-up look like?

Ongoing follow-up is an important part of care.

If your doctor recommends a GLP-1 treatment as part of your health journey, they will typically schedule regular check-ins to:

• Monitor how the medication is working
• Review labs or measurements as needed
• Adjust dosing or approach if necessary
• Revisit goals and expectations over time

Follow-up also creates space to decide whether continuing the use of GLP-1s makes sense or if another approach would be more appropriate.

Prescription vs. Compounded Options

Recently, interest in GLP-1s has increased, and patients may encounter a variety of options online or through telehealth providers, including compounded versions. Compounded GLP-1s are prepared by specialized pharmacies to meet a patient’s specific needs when commercially available products are not suitable or accessible. However, compounded versions are not reviewed by the FDA in the same way as commercially manufactured drugs. Because of these differences, it is important for patients to speak with their primary care provider or a qualified clinician before starting any GLP-1. 

Why it’s important to speak with your Providence Medical Group Northwest physician

GLP-1 medications are one option for weight management. They’re not a quick fix, but for some people, they may play a helpful role when used thoughtfully and under medical guidance.

If you’re curious, the best next step is a conversation with your primary care clinician. Bringing questions — and understanding the basics — can help you make informed decisions together.

“GLP-1s can be a valuable tool for some patients, but they are not appropriate for everyone,” said Dr. Thompson. “The best first step is to have a conversation with your primary care provider, who can evaluate your individual health needs and help determine the safest and most effective treatment options.”

To learn more or to discuss your individual risk, schedule an appointment with your primary care provider today.

Contributing caregiver

Kristy Thompson, D.O., is the executive medical director of primary care for Providence Medical Group Northwest.

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This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your health care professional’s instructions.